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一步一步学Silverlight 2系列（22）：在Silverlight中如何用JavaScript调用.NET代码

Posted 周五, 03/14/2008 - 01:47 by Anonymous

概述

Silverlight 2 Beta 1版本发布了，无论从Runtime还是Tools都给我们带来了很多的惊喜，如支持框架语言Visual Basic, Visual C#, IronRuby, Ironpython，对JSON、Web Service、WCF以及Sockets的支持等一系列新的特性。《一步一步学Silverlight 2系列》文章将从Silverlight 2基础知识、数据与通信、自定义控件、动画、图形图像等几个方面带您快速进入Silverlight 2开发。

Silverlight中内置了对于HTML、客户端脚本等的支持。上一篇介绍在Silverlight中调用JavaScript，本文我将介绍在Silverlight中如何用JavaScript调用.NET代码。

使用RegisterScriptableObject

在Silverlight 2中提供了如下两个类型：

ScriptableMemberAttribute：允许我们在Silverlight把成员暴露给Script。

ScriptableTypeAttribute：允许我们在Silverlight把类型暴露给Script。

同时HtmlPage提供了RegisterCreateableType和RegisterScriptableObject方法，用来注册可被脚本使用的类型或者对象实例。有了上面这些，就可以做到在JavaScript中调用Silverlight。

看一个简单的示例，在这个示例中，我们期望通过JavaScript传递两个参数给Silverlight中的方法，由该方法计算出结果后显示在Silverlight中，如图所示：

TerryLee_Silverlight2_0103

首先我们编写在Silverlight中的界面布局：

<StackPanel Background="#CDFCAE" Orientation="Horizontal">
    <Border CornerRadius="10" Width="100" Height="40" Margin="50 10 0 0">
        <TextBlock Text="结果显示：" FontSize="20" Foreground="Red"></TextBlock>
    </Border>
    <Border CornerRadius="10" Background="Green" Width="300" Height="40">
        <TextBlock x:Name="result" FontSize="20" Foreground="White"
                   Margin="20 5 0 0"></TextBlock>
    </Border>
</StackPanel>

并在加载时注册一个脚本可调用的当前页面实例：

private void UserControl_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    HtmlPage.RegisterScriptableObject("Calculator", this);
}

编写一个Add方法，该方法将在JavaScript中被调用，必须为public，用ScriptableMember特性暴露给脚本。

[ScriptableMember]
public void Add(int x, int y)
{
    int z = x + y;
    this.result.Text = String.Format("{0} + {1} = {2}", x, y, z);
}

现在编写测试页中的内容，提供输入的input控件：

<div class="main">
    <input id="txt1" type="text" />
    <input id="txt2" type="text" />
    <input id="Button1" type="button" value="确 定"/>
</div>

编写JavaScript调用Silverlight中的方法，获取Silverlight插件，Calculator就是我们刚才所注册的实例：

<script type="text/javascript">
    function callSilverlight()
    {
        var slPlugin = $get('Xaml1');
        
        slPlugin.content.Calculator.Add($get('txt1').value,$get('txt2').value);
    }
</script>

在按钮单击事件中调用该方法

<input id="Button1" type="button" value="确 定" onclick="callSilverlight()" />

运行后结果：

TerryLee_Silverlight2_0103

输入两个数后显示出结果：

TerryLee_Silverlight2_0104

使用RegisterCreateableType

现在我们再看一下如何使用RegisterCreateableType。对上面的示例做一些简单的改动，在Silverlight项目中添加一个Calculator类，需要给它加上ScriptableType特性：

[ScriptableType]
public class Calculator
{
    [ScriptableMember]
    public int Add(int x, int y)
    {
        return x + y;
    }
}

在页面加载时修改为如下代码，指定一个别名和要注册的类型：

HtmlPage.RegisterCreateableType("calculator", typeof(Calculator));

这样在JavaScript中就可以这样进行调用了，先创建一个之前注册为ScriptableType的实例，再调用它的相关方法：

<script type="text/javascript">
    function callSilverlight()
    {
        var slPlugin = $get('Xaml1');
        var cal = slPlugin.content.services.createObject("calculator");
        
        alert(cal.Add($get('txt1').value,$get('txt2').value));
    }
</script>

运行结果如下，没有问题：

TerryLee_Silverlight2_0105

结束语

本文介绍了如何在JavaScript中调用Silverlight，通过前面几篇文章的介绍，如对DOM的操作、在Silverlight中调用JavaScript、在JavaScript中调用Silverlight等，可以看到，Silverlight与浏览器之间交互有着很好的支持，后面将继续介绍其它内容。

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