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一步一步学Silverlight 2系列（27）：使用Brush进行填充

Posted 周三, 03/19/2008 - 02:18 by Anonymous

概述

Silverlight 2 Beta 1版本发布了，无论从Runtime还是Tools都给我们带来了很多的惊喜，如支持框架语言Visual Basic, Visual C#, IronRuby, Ironpython，对JSON、Web Service、WCF以及Sockets的支持等一系列新的特性。《一步一步学Silverlight 2系列》文章将从Silverlight 2基础知识、数据与通信、自定义控件、动画、图形图像等几个方面带您快速进入Silverlight 2开发。

本文将简单介绍Silverlight中的画刷，在Silverlight中，共提供了五种：SolidColorBrush、LinearGradientBrush、RadialGradientBrush、ImageBrush、VideoBrush，接下来将逐一进行介绍。

SolidColorBrush

SolidColorBrush用单一的颜色进行填充， 在使用SolidColorBrush时只要指定Color属性就可以了，除此之外，还可以选择指定Opacity等属性。在我们使用其他图形时，如果指定了Fill属性，则默认会用SolidColorBrush进行填充。下面的示例，使用SolidColorBrush填充两个矩形：

<Canvas Background="#CDFCAE">
    <Rectangle Canvas.Top="60" Canvas.Left="20"
               Width="200" Height="100" Stroke="Green"
               StrokeThickness="2">
        <Rectangle.Fill>
            <SolidColorBrush Color="Orange">
            </SolidColorBrush>
        </Rectangle.Fill>
    </Rectangle>
    
    <Rectangle Canvas.Top="60" Canvas.Left="280"
               Width="200" Height="100" Stroke="Green"
               StrokeThickness="2">
        <Rectangle.Fill>
            <SolidColorBrush Color="Orange"
                             Opacity="0.5">
            </SolidColorBrush>
        </Rectangle.Fill>
    </Rectangle>
</Canvas>

运行后如下所示：

TerryLee_Silverlight2_0129

LinearGradientBrush

LinearGradientBrush将会使用线性渐变来进行填充，需要设置渐变的坐标：起始点属性StartPoint和结束点EndPoint，两点的坐标最大值为1，最小值为0，用GradientStop来设置不同的颜色渐变以及它的偏移量。如下面的例子：

<Canvas Background="#FFFFFF">
    <Rectangle Canvas.Top="40" Canvas.Left="100"
           Width="300" Height="160" Stroke="Green"
           StrokeThickness="4">
        <Rectangle.Fill>
            <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="1,0">
                <GradientStop Color="#FBFE03" Offset="0.0" />
                <GradientStop Color="#41F702" Offset="0.25" />
                <GradientStop Color="#FF0000" Offset="0.75" />
                <GradientStop Color="#0066FF" Offset="1.0" />
            </LinearGradientBrush>
        </Rectangle.Fill>
    </Rectangle>
</Canvas>

运行后如下图所示：

TerryLee_Silverlight2_0130

下面我们对渐变的坐标以及各个颜色渐变的偏移量做一下解释，如下图所示：

TerryLee_Silverlight2_0131

设置不同的渐变起始点和偏移量我们可以得到多种不同的渐变效果，如下面的示例：

<Canvas Background="#FFFFFF">
    <Rectangle Canvas.Top="80" Canvas.Left="20"
           Width="120" Height="80" Stroke="Green"
           StrokeThickness="4">
        <Rectangle.Fill>
            <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="1,0">
                <GradientStop Color="#FBFE03" Offset="0.0" />
                <GradientStop Color="#41F702" Offset="0.25" />
                <GradientStop Color="#FF0000" Offset="0.75" />
                <GradientStop Color="#0066FF" Offset="1.0" />
            </LinearGradientBrush>
        </Rectangle.Fill>
    </Rectangle>
    
    <Rectangle Canvas.Top="80" Canvas.Left="160"
           Width="120" Height="80" Stroke="Green"
           StrokeThickness="4">
        <Rectangle.Fill>
            <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1">
                <GradientStop Color="#FBFE03" Offset="0.0" />
                <GradientStop Color="#41F702" Offset="0.25" />
                <GradientStop Color="#FF0000" Offset="0.75" />
                <GradientStop Color="#0066FF" Offset="1.0" />
            </LinearGradientBrush>
        </Rectangle.Fill>
    </Rectangle>
    
    <Rectangle Canvas.Top="80" Canvas.Left="300"
           Width="120" Height="80" Stroke="Green"
           StrokeThickness="4">
        <Rectangle.Fill>
            <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="1,1">
                <GradientStop Color="#FBFE03" Offset="0.0" />
                <GradientStop Color="#41F702" Offset="0.25" />
                <GradientStop Color="#FF0000" Offset="0.75" />
                <GradientStop Color="#0066FF" Offset="1.0" />
            </LinearGradientBrush>
        </Rectangle.Fill>
    </Rectangle>
</Canvas>

运行后如下图所示：

TerryLee_Silverlight2_0132

RadialGradientBrush

RadialGradientBrush使用放射性渐变来进行颜色填充，用GradientOrigin来指定放射源的位置坐标，Center指定图形的中心位置坐标，RadiusX和RadiusY分别指定在X轴和Y轴上的放射半径，同样使用GradientStop指定不同颜色的渐变及偏移量，如下面的例子：

<Canvas Background="#CDFCAE">
    <Ellipse Canvas.Top="30" Canvas.Left="100"
             Width="300" Height="180">
        <Ellipse.Fill>
            <RadialGradientBrush GradientOrigin="0.5,0.5" Center="0.5,0.5"
                                RadiusX="0.5" RadiusY="0.5">
                <GradientStop Color="#FBFE03" Offset="0.0" />
                <GradientStop Color="#41F702" Offset="0.25" />
                <GradientStop Color="#FF0000" Offset="0.75" />
                <GradientStop Color="#0066FF" Offset="1.0" />
            </RadialGradientBrush>
        </Ellipse.Fill>
    </Ellipse>
</Canvas>

运行后如下所示：

TerryLee_Silverlight2_0133

在这个示例中，对于上面提到的放射源位置的坐标和图形中心坐标、在X轴和Y轴上的放射半径它们四个之间的关系，大家看下面四个圆形，我们为四个属性设置不同的值：

<Canvas Background="#CDFCAE">
    <Ellipse Canvas.Top="20" Canvas.Left="80"
             Width="120" Height="120">
        <Ellipse.Fill>
            <RadialGradientBrush GradientOrigin="0.5,0.5" Center="0.5,0.5"
                                RadiusX="0.5" RadiusY="0.5">
                <GradientStop Color="#FFFFFF" Offset="0.0" />
                <GradientStop Color="#000000" Offset="1.0" />
            </RadialGradientBrush>
        </Ellipse.Fill>
    </Ellipse>
    
    <Ellipse Canvas.Top="20" Canvas.Left="280"
             Width="120" Height="120">
        <Ellipse.Fill>
            <RadialGradientBrush GradientOrigin="0.75,0.25" Center="0.5,0.5"
                                RadiusX="0.5" RadiusY="0.5">
                <GradientStop Color="#FFFFFF" Offset="0.0" />
                <GradientStop Color="#000000" Offset="1.0" />
            </RadialGradientBrush>
        </Ellipse.Fill>
    </Ellipse>
    
    <Ellipse Canvas.Top="160" Canvas.Left="80"
             Width="120" Height="120">
        <Ellipse.Fill>
            <RadialGradientBrush GradientOrigin="0.5,0.5" Center="0.5,0.5"
                                RadiusX="0.25" RadiusY="0.5">
                <GradientStop Color="#FFFFFF" Offset="0.0" />
                <GradientStop Color="#000000" Offset="1.0" />
            </RadialGradientBrush>
        </Ellipse.Fill>
    </Ellipse>
    
    <Ellipse Canvas.Top="160" Canvas.Left="280"
             Width="120" Height="120">
        <Ellipse.Fill>
            <RadialGradientBrush GradientOrigin="0.5,0.5" Center="0.5,0.5"
                                RadiusX="0.5" RadiusY="0.25">
                <GradientStop Color="#FFFFFF" Offset="0.0" />
                <GradientStop Color="#000000" Offset="1.0" />
            </RadialGradientBrush>
        </Ellipse.Fill>
    </Ellipse>
</Canvas>

运行后的效果如下所示，在图上标注了他们各自的放射源位置坐标、中心位置坐标、X轴上和Y轴上的放射半径。

TerryLee_Silverlight2_0134

ImageBrush

ImageBrush使用图片来对图形进行填充，使用方式比较简单，我们只需要指定ImageSource属性就可以了，如下面的例子使用图片来填充一个矩形：

<Canvas Background="#CDFCAE">
    <Rectangle Canvas.Top="40" Canvas.Left="100"
       Width="300" Height="160" Stroke="Green"
       StrokeThickness="4" RadiusX="10" RadiusY="10">
        <Rectangle.Fill>
            <ImageBrush ImageSource="bg1.png"></ImageBrush>
        </Rectangle.Fill>
    </Rectangle>
</Canvas>

运行后效果如下所示：

TerryLee_Silverlight2_0135

对于图片我们后面会有专门一篇文章进行讲解，这里就不再说明。

结束语

本文简单介绍了Silverlight中的Brushes，这些Brushes对于自定义控件的外观或者做出更酷更炫的界面效果，将会有很大的帮助。

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